HIV & Kidney & Liver Function

Managing HIV and Kidney & Liver Function Hand in Hand

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) can have various effects on kidney and liver function. Both organs play crucial roles in filtering toxins, maintaining bodily functions, and metabolizing medications. HIV can directly and indirectly impact these functions in several ways:

Kidney Function

HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN) – This is a kidney disease specifically associated with HIV infection. It primarily affects individuals of African descent. HIVAN is characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, leading to proteinuria (protein in the urine) and eventually kidney failure.

Antiretroviral Medications – Some antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV can affect kidney function. Tenofovir and some protease inhibitors, for example, may lead to kidney dysfunction or a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Immune Complexes – Inflammation and immune responses triggered by HIV infection can lead to immune complex deposition in the kidneys, causing kidney damage.

Liver Function

Hepatitis Co-Infection – HIV-infected individuals are at an increased risk of contracting viral hepatitis (hepatitis B or C), which can also affect the liver. Co-infection with these viruses can lead to more severe liver disease and faster progression to cirrhosis.

Antiretroviral Medications – Similar to kidney function, some antiretroviral medications can impact liver function. Certain protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors may lead to elevated liver enzymes or liver toxicity in some individuals.

Alcohol and Drug Use – Substance abuse, including alcohol and recreational drugs, is common among some HIV-positive individuals and can contribute to liver damage.

Metabolic Syndrome – HIV and certain antiretroviral medications can lead to metabolic changes, including dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, which can contribute to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Monitoring and Management – Regular monitoring of kidney and liver function is crucial for individuals living with HIV. This involves periodic blood tests to measure markers such as creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), liver enzymes (AST and ALT), and viral load. If kidney or liver dysfunction is detected, healthcare providers may adjust medications, provide lifestyle recommendations, or consider additional treatments.

This plan is generalized and personalized affordable plan will be developed with expert consultations as per your health conditions.

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